Intelligence, agents, subterfuge, espionage and treason (see also 'War', 'Armed forces')
- 'The Shanghai Temper': J.O.P. Bland (1863-1945) and Japan
- A Disorderly Upside-down Affair (Tokyo December 1941)
- Admiral Sir John Fisher (1841-1920) and Japan, 1894-1904
- Arthur Waley (1899- 1966): Poet and Translator
- Basil William Robinson, 1912- : The Japanese Sword and the Victoria and Albert Museum
- British Naval and Military Observers of the Russo-Japanese War
- Captain (later Admiral Sir) W.C. Pakenham RN (1861-1933) and the Russo-Japanese War
- Captain Oswald Tuck RN (1876-1950) and the Bedford Japanese School
- Carmen Blacker (1924-2009) and the Study of Japanese Religion
- Charles Alfred Fisher (1916-1982)
- Charles Boxer (1904-2000) and Japan
- Chinda Sutemi, 1857-1929, Ambassador in Peace and War [London, 1916-20]
- Chinda Sutemi, 1857-1929: Ambassador in Peace and War
- Otome and Frank Daniels
- Eric Bertrand Ceadel, 1921-79: Japanese Studies at Cambridge
- George Gorman (1888-1956)
- Ian Fleming (1908-64), Novelist and Journalist
- Ian Nish: Early Experiences in the British Commonwealth Occupation Force in Japan
- 'In one day I have lived many lives': Frank Ashton-Gwatkin, Novelist and Diplomat, (1889-1976)
- In Proper Perspective: Sir Esler Dening (1897-1977) and Anglo-Japanese Relations
- J.W. Robertson-Scott and his Japanese Friends
- John Figgess: Japan Under Occupation, a Personal Reminiscence
- Japanese Birthday: TaishÅ II, G.C. Allen (1900-1982) and Japan
- John Mathews James (1835-1908)
- Kenneth Gardner (1924-95): Librarian and Bibliographer
- Komura JÅ«tarÅ (1855-1911) and Britain
- Komura JÅ«tarÅ, 1855-1911: Great Statesman; Struggling Diplomat [London, 1906-08]
- Return of a Native: Lady Dorothy Britton Bouchier
- Lord Sempill (1893-1965) and Japan, 1921-41
- Louis Allen (1922-91) and Japan
- Louis Allen in Burma
- Major General F.S.G. Piggott on Pre-war Japan
- Major-General F.S.G. Piggott (1883-1966)
- Malcolm Kennedy (1895-1935) and Japan
- Matsui KeishirÅ, 1868-1946: An Efficient Public Servant
- Matsui KeishirÅ, 1868-1946: An Efficient Public Servant [London, 1925-28]
- Michio Morishima (1923-2004): An Economist Made in Japan
- P.G. O'Neill (1924-2012)
- W.G. Beasley: Extracts from Personal reminiscences of the early months of the Occupation: Yokosuka and Tokyo, September 1945-March 1946
- Richard Storry, 1913-82: A Life-long Affair with Japan
- Sir Esler Dening: Ambassador to Japan, 1951-57
- Sir Harry Parkes, 1828-1885
- Sir Harry Parkes: Minister to Japan, 1865-83
- Sir John Figgess KBE, CMG (1909-97)
- Sir Oscar Morland: Ambassador to Japan, 1959-63
- Sir Peter Parker (1924-2002) and Japan
- Sir Vere Redman, 1901-1975
- Somerset Maugham (1874-1965), Novelist, Playwright, Essayist and Traveller
- Takayuki Eguchi
- 'That Loyal British Subject'?: Arthur Edwardes and Anglo-Japanese Relations, 1932-41
- The Death of James Melville Cox (1885-1940) in Tokyo on 29 July 1940: Arrests of British Citizens in Japan in 1940 and 1941
- The Douglas Mission (1873-79) and Meiji Naval Education
- Yanada Senji (1906-1972): Teacher of Japanese at SOAS
Author: Best, Antony
Journalist John O. P. Bland (1863-1945) is more commonly associated with China than Japan, although his 'treaty port mentality' means his career sheds light on the British trading communities views of Japan.
Author: Busk, Douglas
This fascinating first-hand account of the impact of the declaration of war by Japan upon Britain in 1941 provides reflections upon the diplomatic and personal situaions of the staff engaged in Anglo-Japanese relations at the time.
Author: Chapman, John W.M.
This portrait consdiers how Admiral Sir John Fisher's (1841-1920) role in Anglo-Japanese naval relations played into a larger theatre of war and diplomacy in Europe and the far East.
Author: Harries, Phillip
This chapter details Arthur Waley's (1899-1966) career as one of the great translators of Japanese literary works and as an inspiration to generations of Japan scholars.
Author: Shaigiya-Abdelsamad, Yahya
The subject of this essay is Basil William Robinson, who became an expert on Japanese swords and helped to inspire interest in the Japanese sword and associated art and crafts.
Author: Towle, Philip
This essay sketches an account of British military observers of the Russo-Japanese war to reflect on the wider relationship between Britain as a world empire trying to keep pace with other powers, and Japan as an emerging and potent force on the world scene.
Author: Chapman, John W.M.
This essay recounts Captain W.C. Pakenham RN's (1861-1933) role in supporting Japanese naval efforts during the Russo-Japanese war.
Author: Jarvis, Suzette
Captain Oswald Tuck RN played a very significant role in the teaching of Japanese to those involved in the Japanese Section of Bletchley Park during the Second World War. This essay charts his naval and teaching career, especially at the Bedford Japanese School.
Author: Kornicki, Peter
Carmen Blacker (1924-2009) became one of Britain's most original and perceptive scholars of Japan, and this account charts the development of her love for the country and the impact this had upon her choice and pursuit of a career in academia.
Author: Daniels, Gordon
Charles Alfred Fisher (1916-82) was an ex-prisoner of war, who played a significant, if forgotten role, in the rise of Japanese Studies.
Author: Cummins, James
This essay charts Charles Boxer's (1904-2000) abiding love for Japan throughout the Second World War and his internment as a POW, his position as chair of Portugese studies at London University, and his authorship of The Christian Century in Japan.
Author: Nish, Ian
Chinda Sutemi ( 1857-1929) presided over a period in postwar Anglo-Japanese relations where he was responsible for diplomacy at what would later come to be understood as critical junctures in the build up to the Second World War. This essay charts his career through the London Embassy, at the Paris Peace Conference and up to Japan's exit from the League of Nations.
Author: Nish, Ian
Chinda Sutemi (1857-1929) presided over a period in postwar Anglo-Japanese relations where he was responsible for diplomacy at critical junctures. This essay charts his career through the London Embassy, at the Paris Peace Conference and up to Japan's exit from the League of Nations.
Author: Dore, Ronald
This essay details the contribution of Frank Daniels (1900-83) towards teaching Japanese during the Second World War, and also his role in establishing a major centre for Japanese Studies at SOAS.
Author: Kornicki, Peter
The subject of this portrait is the remarkable life and career of Eric Bertrand Ceadel (1921-79), founding father of Japanese studies at Cambridge University.
Author: McFarlane, Deborah
This portrait details the controversial career of the journalist George Gorman (1888-1956) as a propagandist during the inter-war years and beyond, and his complicated and contradictory relationship with both sides of the conflict.
Author: Hatcher, John
This essay details Ian Fleming's (1908-64) 1959 visit to Tokyo for the Sunday Times, as part of a five-week tour of his personal canon of 'the thrilling cities of the world', and the impact this and his subsequent visits to the country had on his writing.
Author: Nish, Ian
Ian Nish, later Professor at SOAS, gives an account of his work in the Combined Services Detailed Interrogation Centre, where he translated contemporary newspapers, along with documents from during the war, and was later involved in the first post-war elections.
Author: Nish, Ian
This essay considers the dual aspects of Frank Ashton-Gwatkin's (1889-1976) life: diplomat and author, and his affection for, and understanding of, Japan.
Author: Buckley, Roger
As the first British Ambassador to Japan after the War, Esler Dening (1897-1977) was the central figure in Anglo-Japanese relations at a time when British opinion was distinctly anti-Japanese.
Author: Nakami Mari
This essay details the scholarly and journalistic efforts of J.W. Robertson-Scott (1866-1962), who wrote on Japanese foreign affairs, rural communities and agriculture during the First World War.
Author: Figgess, John
Diplomat John Figgess was among the first of the British contingent to arrive in Tokyo in 1945 and in this chapter he describes his arrival and his work in Japan.
Author: Metzger-Court, Sarah
A consideration of George Allen's (1900-1982) career as an economist and lecturer in Japan.
Author: Dobson, Sebastian
This portrait outlines John Mathews James' (1838-1908) involvement in the modernisation of the Japanese Navy, along with his impact on the toponymy of Tokyo.
Author: Brown, Yu-Ying
Kenneth Gardner (1924-95) held senior posts in the British Museum and British Library, and was instrumental in these posts in promoting Japanese culture and Anglo-Japanese relations. This essay charts his career and significance within his field and beyond, including his war service as part of Translators V.
Author: Nish, Ian
This portrait considers the diplomatic career of Komura JÅ«tarÅ as foreign minister and later ambassador to Britain.
Author: Nish, Ian
This portrait considers the diplomatic career of Komura JÅ«tarÅ (1855-1911) as foreign minister and later ambassador to Britain.
Author: Britton, Dorothy
Dorothy Britton was born in Japan before the war and returned there during the Occupation. This chapter gives an account of her life as a bridge between Japanese and English cultures.
Author: Best, Antony
Initially an ambassador for British aviation and friend of Japan, Lord Sempill (1893-1965) ended his career in disgrace having received payments for providing Japan with information during the Second World War.
Author: Purvis, Phillida
This portrait details the life and career of scholar Louis Allen (1922-91), especially his wartime service and postwar reconciliation efforts.
Author: Allen, Louis
Louis Allen studied Japanese at SOAS during the war, and worked in Burma as a translator and interrogator. Here he describes his experiences of that time, as well as a remarkable reunion twenty years later.
Author: Piggot, Major General F.S.G.
F.S.G Piggott was one of a small number of japanophiles left in post-war Britain, preferring to overlook the worst excesses of Japan's pre-war leaders. This chapter details his nostalgic view of life in pre-war Japan.
Author: Best, Antony
This essay details the miltary and diplomatic career of Major-General F.S.G. Piggott (1883-1966), whose efforts to secure peace and improve relations between Japan and Britain were fatally clouded by an uncritical love for Japan. Following the Pacific War he devoted his life to the restoration of Anglo-Japanese friendship.
Author: Pardoe, Jon
This chapter details Malcolm Kennedy's (1895-1935) time in Japan as an army officer sent to study Japanese while attached to a Japanese army unit, his subsequent work at Shell Oil, and his stance as an apologist in the build up to the Second World War.
Author: Kuramatsu, Tadashi
This essay recounts how Matsui KeishirÅ (1868-1946), in his many roles, including as Ambassador in London, was involved at numerous important turning points in the history of Japanese external relations.
Author: Kuramatsu Tadashi
This essay recounts how Matsui KeishirÅ (1868-1946) was involved at numerous important turning points in the history of Japanese external relations as both Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs, one of the chief delegates at the Paris Peace Conference, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Ambassador to Britain.
Author: Hunter, Janet
Michio Morishima (1923-2004) was one of Japan's few internationally renowned economists in the second half of the twentieth century. This portrait details his life and career both in and oustide of Japan, which he left due to dissatisfaction with the academic establishment.
Author: Purvis, Phillida
This portrait details the scholarly career of P.G. O'Neill (1924-2012), his study of the Japanese language, Japanese festivals and NÅ theatre.
Author: Beasley, William Gerard
William Gerard Beasley, subsequently a professor at SOAS, arrived in Japan in 1945 with the Americans. This chapter comprises extracts from a talk given on his experiences of the flurry of activity in the early occupation, particularly with regard to demilitarization and early post-war economics.
Author: Nish, Ian
A portrait of Richard Storry's (1913-82) life-long affair with Japan as a teacher, writer and researcher.
Author: Buckley, Roger
Concerning Sir Esler Dening (1897-1977) as a main figure in Anglo-Japanese relations following the ending of the Pacific War, at a time when British opinion was anti-Japanese.
Author: Cortazzi, Hugh
This portrait reflects on the diplomatic career of Sir Harry Parkes (1828-1885) from 1865 to 1883, a period of unprecedented revolutionary change.
Author: Cortazzi, Hugh
This portrait reflects on the diplomatic career of Sir Harry Parkes (1828-1885) from 1865 to 1883, a period of unprecedented revolutionary change, assessing both his personal characteristics and his diplomatic achievements.
Author: Cortazzi, Hugh
This essay provides an account of the life and career of Sir John Figgess (1909-97), businessman, intelligence officer, diplomat and art expert.
Author: Whitehead, John
This portrait details Sir Oscar Morland's (1904-1980) career and long association with Japan, as part of the Far East Consular Service and later as British ambassador to Japan.
Author: Cortazzi, Hugh
Businessman Sir Peter Parker (1924-2002) made an outstanding contribution to Anglo-Japanese relations in the final decades of the twentieth century. This essay offers an account and analysis of his career and impact in relation to Japan.
Author: Cortazzi, Hugh
Vere Redman (1901-1975) worked, throughout his career as a journalist, press attaché, and in the British Ministry of Information, to contribute to understanding between British and Japanese. This essay recounts his journalistic efforts as they relate to Anglo-Japanese relations.
Author: Hatcher, John
Despite there being very little of Japan in Somerset Maugham's (1874-1965) writings, he spent much time there and gained much popularity among the Japanese. This essay offers an account and analysis of Maugham's time in Japan.
Author: Neal, Edna Read
This portrait examines the six year internment of businessman Takayuki Eguchi in Pentonville prison during the Second World War.
Author: Best, Antony
This portrait considers how Arthur Edwardes emerges as a shadowy and perhaps naive figure on the edge of Anglo-Japanese relations in the build up to the Second World War.
Author: Cortazzi, Hugh
This essay uses the tragic death of Melville James Cox (1885-1940) in Tokyo to assess the misconduct of the Kempeitai in arresting British citizens during the Second World War.
Author: Gow, Ian
This portrait considers the significance of the second British Naval Mission, the Douglas Mission (1873-79) in laying the foundations of basic naval officer training in Meiji Japan and modernising their navy.
Author: Oba Sadao, and Anne Kaneko
Yanada Senji (1906-1972) played a key role in the wartime training of translators and interrogators at SOAS. This portait details his academic career and the deep personal struggles associated with providing key assistance to the war effort against his homeland.